TL;DR: your data is not tracked.
All information entered in Climate Warming Stripes is only stored on your device. It is not transmitted anywhere. If you backup your device to iCloud, the data will be copied there, but is still only accessible to you. Only preferences are stored.
No data entered in Climate Warming Stripes is used for analytics, tracking, or similar activity.
Data stored in iCloud is governed by Apple’s privacy policy